// Listing 12.10 Data slicing with passing by value

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

enum BOOL { FALSE, TRUE };

class Mammal
{
public:
	Mammal():itsAge(1) { }
	~Mammal() { }
	virtual void Speak() const { cout << "Mammal speak!\n"; }
protected:
	int itsAge;
};

class Dog : public Mammal
{
public:
	void Speak()const { cout << "Woof!\n"; }
};

class Cat : public Mammal
{
public:
	void Speak()const { cout << "Meow!\n"; }
};

void ValueFunction (Mammal);
void PtrFunction (Mammal*);
void RefFunction (Mammal&);

int main()
{
	Mammal* ptr=0;
	int choice;

	while (1)
	{
		BOOL fQuit = FALSE;
		cout << "(1)dog (2)cat (0)Quit: ";
		cin >> choice;
		
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 0: fQuit = TRUE;
			break;
		case 1: ptr = new Dog;
			break;
		case 2: ptr = new Cat;
			break;
		default: ptr = new Mammal;
			break;
		}

		if (fQuit)
		{
			break;
		}

		PtrFunction(ptr);		// 1 - Woof!	2 - Meow!	other - Mammal speak!
		RefFunction(*ptr);		// 1 - Woof!	2 - Meow!	other - Mammal speak!
		ValueFunction(*ptr);	// 1 or 2 - Mammal speak!
	}

	return 0;
}

void ValueFunction(Mammal MammalValue)
{
	MammalValue.Speak();
}

void PtrFunction(Mammal *pMammal)
{
	pMammal->Speak();
}

void RefFunction(Mammal &rMammal)
{
	rMammal.Speak();
}