Enum

Objective #1: Use enum.

• The keyword, enum, allows you to create data types of your own. You must also specify the legal values for the new data type when you create it. The following statement could be used to create the data type, Sundaes,
  
  enum Sundaes {chocolate, banana, vanilla, strawberry};

• You should capitalize an enumerated data type that you create so that it is easy to differentiate it from built-in C++ data types such as int, double, etc.
  
  
• After an enumerated data type is created, you can then declare variables of that new data type.  For example, the following statement declares two variables, mySundae and yourSundae, as variables of the data type, sundaes,

Sundaes mySundae, yourSundae;

• The C++ compiler then identifies the values listed within the braces of the original enum statement with the values 0, 1, 2, etc. In the example above, chocolate would have the actual numeric value of 0, banana would have the value of 1, etc. The statement,
  
  mySundae = chocolate;
  
  would assign to the variable, mySundae, the value, chocolate. However, the C++ compiler actually assigns mySundae the integer value of 0.

• If you wish to assign your own values to the predefined values, you could use a statement like,
  
  enum Sundaes {chocolate = 250, banana = 180, vanilla = 190, strawberry = 200};
  
  for example, where the numeric quantities may refer to the number of calories in each type of ice cream sundae. However, you could not use the same value for two or more different types of ice cream sundae.
  
  
• The keyword typedef can be used to give a new name to an existing data type such as int. If you wish to use the name wholenumber to declare a variable of type int, then you can give the data type an alias of wholeNumber with typedef.
  
  typedef int wholeNumber;